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After Nicolas Chauvin, a zealously patriotic soldier under Napoleon Bonaparte. Marxists apply the term chauvinism to any explicit support for the idea of the superiority of one nation over others. During World War I, the pro-war ”socialists” in each of the belligerent countries justified their ”national defencist” position by adopting the chauvinist argument that conditions for developing socialism were more advanced in their nation than in others. One notable exception was the Socialist Party of America, lead by internationalist E.V.Debs.

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